Production of Taxol by Endophytic Fungi Isolated from Roots of Himalayan Yew (Taxus wallichiana Zucc.)

Taxol® (generic name – Paclitaxel), the most promising chemotherapeuticagent was isolated from bark of different Taxus sp. As species arethreatened with extinction (endangered in Himalaya), thus it is imperativeto develop alternate and sustainable method for commercialization scaleup production paclitaxel. In this respect, physical chemical parametersare effective important key points active compound par-ticularly by using endophytic microbes. present study, five endophyticfungi roots wallichiana, are tested paclitaxelproduction biochemical molecular methods. Subsequently, effectof physico-chemical parameters like temperature, pH, incubation time, andmedium constituents i.e., salt concentration, carbon nitrogen sources onpaclitaxel were also analyzed. Among isolates, two fungiviz. GBPI TWR F1 (Penicillium sp.) F5 (Aspergillus sp.)were found to be paclitaxel producing. The genomic DNA samples sequenced confirm presence genes viz. 10-deacetylbaccatinIII-10-O-acetyl transferase (DBAT) C-13 phenylpropanoid side chain-CoA acyltransferase (BAPT), implicated biosynthesis. Boththe endophytes showed amplicons DBAT BAPT genes. Resultsrevealed that after optimization medium components condi-tion, increased both endophytes, maximumpaclitaxel 5.45 ± 0.98 mg/L obtained F5(Aspergillus following 10 days at 15◦C optimized S7liquid composition